Ramesses II, who ruled Egypt for 67 years (1279–1212 BCE), earned the title “Ramesses the Great” based on the unparalleled number and grand scale of his monuments. The king propagated himself as a courageous warrior following his battle against the Hittites at the city of Kadesh in central Syria, commemorating his triumph in text and relief on temple walls all over Egypt. Yet the battle had, in fact, ended without a decisive victor, and Ramesses had no choice but to lead further campaigns against the Hittites until finally signing a peace treaty in his twenty-first regnal year. The monuments of Ramesses II in southern Canaan include a gate facade in the Egyptian stronghold of Jaffa and a victory stela at Beth Shean commemorating a victorious campaign against rebellious Canaanite rulers. Many scarabs and some rings bearing his name and image have also been found at local sites. Ramesses II is often regarded as the “Pharaoh of the Exodus” based, in part, on the reference in the biblical account to the city of Raamses, generally identified with the eastern Delta capital Pi-Ramesses that he built. The association of the king with the biblical story, however, is controversial.